OK
https://substack.com/
Romania
Country
Network
September 18, 2025, 06:39 PM UTC
Date & Time
Websites
Websites
Runtime: 567ms
On September 18, 2025, 06:39 PM UTC, https://substack.com/ was accessible when tested on 8708 in Romania.

Failures

HTTP Experiment
null
DNS Experiment
null
Control
null

DNS Queries

Resolver:
212.93.159.130
Query:
IN A substack.com
Engine:
system
Name
Class
TTL
Type
DATA
@
IN
A
104.18.37.200
@
IN
A
172.64.150.56
Query:
IN AAAA substack.com
Engine:
system
Name
Class
TTL
Type
DATA
@
IN
AAAA
2606:4700:440b::6812:25c8
@
IN
AAAA
2606:4700:4400::ac40:9638

TCP Connections

Connection to 2606:4700:4400::ac40:9638:443 was blocked.
Connection to 2606:4700:440b::6812:25c8:443 was blocked.
Connection to 172.64.150.56:443 succeeded.
Connection to 104.18.37.200:443 succeeded.

HTTP Requests

URL
GET https://substack.com/home
Response Headers
Alt-Svc:
h3=":443"; ma=86400
Cache-Control:
no-cache
Cf-Cache-Status:
DYNAMIC
Cf-Ray:
9812f7adadd7e4ab-OTP
Content-Security-Policy:
frame-ancestors 'self' https://*.substack.com https://substack.com
Content-Type:
text/html; charset=utf-8
Date:
Thu, 18 Sep 2025 18:39:41 GMT
Server:
cloudflare
Set-Cookie:
AWSALBTG=Rh/4l7L7p7Y+/gZsLY1IXoc1wbkP8zYjGbJBH/GhC6IRlaLwJbgzJox8D0lWxRvc1MYOT6j2MQ0olEj4FAzsDRbcgQ+LVBumKImTVqLtzfiVjmiRiDyPbLDwysGtqmq3z1EYOv6WP5aZdC5n6kTfHDRH552239HP/VbYbxHAeQFs; Expires=Thu, 25 Sep 2025 18:39:41 GMT; Path=/
Strict-Transport-Security:
max-age=31536000
Vary:
Accept-Encoding
X-Cluster:
substack
X-Deploy:
a8ef2f99c8
X-Powered-By:
Express
X-Served-By:
Substack
X-Service:
web
Response Body
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8" />
        <meta name="norton-safeweb-site-verification" content="24usqpep0ejc5w6hod3dulxwciwp0djs6c6ufp96av3t4whuxovj72wfkdjxu82yacb7430qjm8adbd5ezlt4592dq4zrvadcn9j9n-0btgdzpiojfzno16-fnsnu7xd" />
        
        <link rel="preconnect" href="https://substackcdn.com" />
        

        

        

        <style>
          @layer legacy, tailwind, pencraftReset, pencraft;
        </style>

        
        <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/theme/reader2.cd9370fbfda2830cc9ab.css" />
        
        
        

        
            
                <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/css/5340.e1c57fe5.css" />
            
                <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/css/1832.1f3239f5.css" />
            
                <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/css/reader2.8bafa75c.css" />
            
                <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/css/6857.683e5fcc.css" />
            
                <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/css/5758.602fd321.css" />
            
                <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/css/5631.27122476.css" />
            
                <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/css/7294.aabc06b7.css" />
            
                <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/css/6364.9c2db661.css" />
            
        

        
        
        
        <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json" />
        
        
        <meta name="robots" content="noindex" />
        
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=0, viewport-fit=cover" />
        <meta name="author" content="Substack" />
        <meta property="og:url" content="https://substack.com/home" />
        <title data-preact-helmet>Home | Substack</title>
        <meta data-preact-helmet name="theme-color" media="(prefers-color-schema: light)" content="#ffffff"><meta data-preact-helmet name="theme-color" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" content="#16171d"><meta data-preact-helmet property="og:type" content="article"><meta data-preact-helmet property="og:title" content="Home | Substack"><meta data-preact-helmet name="twitter:title" content="Home | Substack"><meta data-preact-helmet name="description" content="The app for independent voices"><meta data-preact-helmet property="og:description" content="The app for independent voices"><meta data-preact-helmet name="twitter:description" content="The app for independent voices"><meta data-preact-helmet property="og:image" content="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XCt4!,w_400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fimg%2Freader%2Fnotes-thumbnail.jpg"><meta data-preact-helmet name="twitter:image" content="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XCt4!,w_400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fimg%2Freader%2Fnotes-thumbnail.jpg"><meta data-preact-helmet name="twitter:card" content="summary"><meta data-preact-helmet property="og:image:width" content="400"><meta data-preact-helmet property="og:image:height" content="400">
        <link rel="canonical" href="https://substack.com/home" />
        

        

        

        
            
                <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://substackcdn.com/icons/substack/favicon.ico" sizes="32x32">
            
        
            
                <link rel="icon" href="https://substackcdn.com/icons/substack/icon.svg" type="image/svg+xml">
            
        
            
                <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://substackcdn.com/icons/substack/apple-touch-icon.png">
            
        
            
        
            
        
            
        

        

        

        
            <style>
    /* Cahuenga */
    @font-face {
        font-family: 'Cahuenga';
        font-style: normal;
        font-weight: 300;
        src: local('Cahuenga Light'), local('Cahuenga-Light'), url(https://substackcdn.com/fonts/Cahuenga-Light.woff2) format('woff2');
        font-display: fallback;
    }
    @font-face {
        font-family: 'Cahuenga';
        font-style: italic;
        font-weight: 300;
        src: local('Cahuenga Light Italic'), local('Cahuenga-Light-Italic'), url(https://substackcdn.com/fonts/Cahuenga-LightItalic.woff2) format('woff2');
        font-display: fallback;
    }
    @font-face {
        font-family: 'Cahuenga';
        font-style: normal;
        font-weight: 400;
        src: local('Cahuenga Regular'), local('Cahuenga-Regular'), url(https://substackcdn.com/fonts/Cahuenga-Regular.woff2) format('woff2');
        font-display: fallback;
    }
    @font-face {
        font-family: 'Cahuenga';
        font-style: italic;
        font-weight: 400;
        src: local('Cahuenga Italic'), local('Cahuenga-Italic'), url(https://substackcdn.com/fonts/Cahuenga-Italic.woff2) format('woff2');
        font-display: fallback;
    }
    @font-face {
        font-family: 'Cahuenga';
        font-style: normal;
        font-weight: 500;
        src: local('Cahuenga SemiBold'), local('Cahuenga-SemiBold'), url(https://substackcdn.com/fonts/Cahuenga-SemiBold.woff2) format('woff2');
        font-display: fallback;
    }
    @font-face {
        font-family: 'Cahuenga';
        font-style: italic;
        font-weight: 500;
        src: local('Cahuenga SemiBold Italic'), local('Cahuenga-SemiBold-Italic'), url(https://substackcdn.com/fonts/Cahuenga-SemiBoldItalic.woff2) format('woff2');
        font-display: fallback;
    }
    @font-face {
        font-family: 'Cahuenga';
        font-style: normal;
        font-weight: 600;
        src: local('Cahuenga Bold'), local('Cahuenga-Bold'), url(https://substackcdn.com/fonts/Cahuenga-Bold.woff2) format('woff2');
        font-display: fallback;
    }
    @font-face {
        font-family: 'Cahuenga';
        font-style: italic;
        font-weight: 600;
        src: local('Cahuenga Bold Italic'), local('Cahuenga-Bold-Italic'), url(https://substackcdn.com/fonts/Cahuenga-BoldItalic.woff2) format('woff2');
        font-display: fallback;
    }
    @font-face {
        font-family: 'Cahuenga';
        font-style: normal;
        font-weight: 700;
        src: local('Cahuenga ExtraBold'), local('Cahuenga-ExtraBold'), url(https://substackcdn.com/fonts/Cahuenga-ExtraBold.woff2) format('woff2');
        font-display: fallback;
    }
    @font-face {
        font-family: 'Cahuenga';
        font-style: italic;
        font-weight: 700;
        src: local('Cahuenga ExtraBold Italic'), local('Cahuenga-ExtraBold-Italic'), url(https://substackcdn.com/fonts/Cahuenga-ExtraBoldItalic.woff2) format('woff2');
        font-display: fallback;
    }
</style>

        
        
          <style>
            @font-face{font-family:'Spectral';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/spectral/v13/rnCt-xNNww_2s0amA9M8on7mTNmnUHowCw.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0301,U+0400-045F,U+0490-0491,U+04B0-04B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:'Spectral';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/spectral/v13/rnCt-xNNww_2s0amA9M8onXmTNmnUHowCw.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0102-0103,U+0110-0111,U+0128-0129,U+0168-0169,U+01A0-01A1,U+01AF-01B0,U+0300-0301,U+0303-0304,U+0308-0309,U+0323,U+0329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:'Spectral';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/spectral/v13/rnCt-xNNww_2s0amA9M8onTmTNmnUHowCw.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0100-02AF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20CF,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:'Spectral';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/spectral/v13/rnCt-xNNww_2s0amA9M8onrmTNmnUHo.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:'Spectral';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/spectral/v13/rnCr-xNNww_2s0amA9M9knjsS_ulYHs.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0301,U+0400-045F,U+0490-0491,U+04B0-04B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:'Spectral';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/spectral/v13/rnCr-xNNww_2s0amA9M2knjsS_ulYHs.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0102-0103,U+0110-0111,U+0128-0129,U+0168-0169,U+01A0-01A1,U+01AF-01B0,U+0300-0301,U+0303-0304,U+0308-0309,U+0323,U+0329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:'Spectral';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/spectral/v13/rnCr-xNNww_2s0amA9M3knjsS_ulYHs.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0100-02AF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20CF,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:'Spectral';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/spectral/v13/rnCr-xNNww_2s0amA9M5knjsS_ul.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:'Spectral';font-style:normal;font-weight:600;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/spectral/v13/rnCs-xNNww_2s0amA9vmtm3FafaPWnIIMrY.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0301,U+0400-045F,U+0490-0491,U+04B0-04B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:'Spectral';font-style:normal;font-weight:600;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/spectral/v13/rnCs-xNNww_2s0amA9vmtm3OafaPWnIIMrY.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0102-0103,U+0110-0111,U+0128-0129,U+0168-0169,U+01A0-01A1,U+01AF-01B0,U+0300-0301,U+0303-0304,U+0308-0309,U+0323,U+0329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:'Spectral';font-style:normal;font-weight:600;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/spectral/v13/rnCs-xNNww_2s0amA9vmtm3PafaPWnIIMrY.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0100-02AF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20CF,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:'Spectral';font-style:normal;font-weight:600;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/spectral/v13/rnCs-xNNww_2s0amA9vmtm3BafaPWnII.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}
            
          </style>
        
        

        <style>:root{--background_pop:#ff6719;--cover_bg_color:#FFFFFF;--background_pop_darken:#ff5600;--print_on_pop:#ffffff;--border_subtle:#f6e7df;--background_subtle:rgba(255, 232, 221, 0.4);--print_pop:#ff6719;--cover_print_primary:#363737;--cover_print_secondary:#757575;--cover_print_tertiary:#b6b6b6;--cover_border_color:#ff6719;--background_contrast_1:#f0f0f0;--background_contrast_2:#dddddd;--background_contrast_3:#b7b7b7;--background_contrast_4:#929292;--background_contrast_5:#515151;--color_theme_detail:#e6e6e6;--background_contrast_pop:rgba(255, 103, 25, 0.4);--input_background:#ffffff;--cover_input_background:#ffffff;--tooltip_background:#191919;--background_pop_rgb:255, 103, 25;--background_pop_rgb_pc:255 103 25;}</style>

        
            <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/theme/reader2.cd9370fbfda2830cc9ab.css" />
        

        <style></style>

        

        

        

        
    </head>

    <body class="pc-root ">
        
            <script>
              if (window.matchMedia) {
                const match = window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)');

                match.addEventListener('change', handleColorSchemeChange);
                handleColorSchemeChange(match);

                function handleColorSchemeChange(event) {
                  const localSetting = localStorage.colorScheme;
                  document.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark-mode', localSetting == null ?
                    event.matches :  localSetting === 'dark');
                }
              }
            </script>
        

        

        

        

        

        

        <div id="entry">
            <div style="--size-left-nav:var(--size-280);" class="reader-nav-root reader2-font-base"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-reset flex-auto-j3S2WA container-fi9IrN"><div role="banner" aria-label="Page header" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-zIndex-1 pc-gap-20 pc-paddingLeft-20 pc-paddingRight-20 pc-alignItems-center pc-justifyContent-flex-end pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG border-bottom-detail-k1F6C4 sizing-border-box-DggLA4 nav-ptYSWX"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonText-X0uSmG buttonStyle-r7yGCK priority_secondary-S63h9o size_md-gCDS3o rounded-SYxRdz">Sign in</button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonText-X0uSmG buttonStyle-r7yGCK priority_primary-RfbeYt size_md-gCDS3o">Create account</button></div></div><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-position-relative pc-reset"><div role="navigation" aria-label="Main navigation" aria-orientation="vertical" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-padding-8 pc-position-fixed pc-reset sizing-border-box-DggLA4 sidebar-y6xw9g"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-height-64 pc-padding-8 pc-alignItems-flex-start pc-reset flex-auto-j3S2WA sizing-border-box-DggLA4"><button tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Home" data-href="/home" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-reset bg-primary-zk6FDl hover-KQSFex animate-XFJxE4 pc-borderRadius-md showFocus-sk_vEm pencraft buttonBase-GK1x3M"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-width-48 pc-height-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset"><svg role="img" style="height:28px;width:28px;" width="28" height="28" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="var(--color-accent)" stroke-width="1.8" stroke="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M1.96484 0.624512H18.0354V2.70052H1.96484V0.624512Z" stroke="none"></path><path d="M1.96484 4.77655H18.0354V6.85254H1.96484V4.77655Z" stroke="none"></path><path d="M1.96484 8.92857V19.9505L10.0001 14.6347L18.0354 19.9505V8.92857H1.96484Z" stroke="none"></path></g></svg></div></button></div><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-gap-8 pc-padding-8 pc-justifyContent-flex-start pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG"><a tabindex="0" matchSubpaths aria-label="Home" role="button" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-4 pc-minWidth-48 pc-minHeight-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset bg-primary-zk6FDl hover-KQSFex animate-XFJxE4 cursor-pointer-LYORKw userSelect-none-oDUy26 pc-borderRadius-md pressable-lg-kV7yq8 showFocus-sk_vEm"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-height-48 pc-minWidth-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset icon-lyqgV5 inactive-zdmjOL"><svg role="img" style="height:24px;width:24px;" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke-width="2" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M10 18.1302C11.259 18.7392 12.741 18.7392 14 18.1302M2 11.0059V19.0976C2 20.7006 3.34315 22 5 22H19C20.6569 22 22 20.7006 22 19.0976V11.0059C22 10.4471 21.7503 9.91553 21.315 9.54809L12.6575 2.23854C12.2808 1.92049 11.7192 1.92049 11.3425 2.23854L2.68496 9.54809C2.24974 9.91553 2 10.4471 2 11.0059Z"></path></g></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG color-secondary-ls1g8s line-height-20-t4M0El font-text-qe4AeH size-15-Psle70 weight-medium-fw81nC reset-IxiVJZ">Home</div></a><a tabindex="0" matchSubpaths native aria-label="Subscriptions" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-4 pc-minWidth-48 pc-minHeight-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset bg-primary-zk6FDl hover-KQSFex animate-XFJxE4 cursor-pointer-LYORKw userSelect-none-oDUy26 pc-borderRadius-md pressable-lg-kV7yq8 showFocus-sk_vEm"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-height-48 pc-minWidth-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset icon-lyqgV5 inactive-zdmjOL"><svg role="img" style="height:24px;width:24px;" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke-width="2" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M1.99999 14L2.00001 18.5C2.00001 20.1569 3.34316 21.5 5.00001 21.5H19C20.6569 21.5 22 20.1569 22 18.5V14M1.99999 14H8.5L9.29342 16.3732C9.41681 16.7422 9.76236 16.9911 10.1515 16.9911H13.8485C14.2376 16.9911 14.5832 16.7422 14.7066 16.3732L15.5 14H22M1.99999 14L5.12 3.30286C5.34518 2.53079 6.05291 2 6.85714 2H17.1429C17.9471 2 18.6548 2.53079 18.88 3.30286L22 14"></path></g></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG color-secondary-ls1g8s line-height-20-t4M0El font-text-qe4AeH size-15-Psle70 weight-medium-fw81nC reset-IxiVJZ">Subscriptions</div></a><a tabindex="0" matchSubpaths native aria-label="Chat" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-4 pc-minWidth-48 pc-minHeight-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset bg-primary-zk6FDl hover-KQSFex animate-XFJxE4 cursor-pointer-LYORKw userSelect-none-oDUy26 pc-borderRadius-md pressable-lg-kV7yq8 showFocus-sk_vEm"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-height-48 pc-minWidth-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset icon-lyqgV5 inactive-zdmjOL"><svg role="img" style="height:24px;width:24px;" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke-width="2" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M3.57895 22.2631C4.63158 21.2105 4.98246 18.9298 4.63158 18.0526C4.55024 18.0246 3.94258 17.7935 3.86123 17.7644C2.70525 17.3507 2 16.215 2 14.9872V5.81496C2 4.60782 2.68342 3.49229 3.8249 3.09955C7.48196 1.84131 13.7925 0.807216 20.1374 3.07721C21.2934 3.49079 22 4.6271 22 5.85486V15.0271C22 16.2342 21.3154 17.3503 20.1739 17.7429C17.6947 18.5958 13.9964 19.3455 9.89474 19.0328C8.84211 21.1381 6.21053 22.2631 3.57895 22.2631Z"></path></g></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG color-secondary-ls1g8s line-height-20-t4M0El font-text-qe4AeH size-15-Psle70 weight-medium-fw81nC reset-IxiVJZ">Chat</div></a><a tabindex="0" matchSubpaths native aria-label="Activity" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-4 pc-minWidth-48 pc-minHeight-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset bg-primary-zk6FDl hover-KQSFex animate-XFJxE4 cursor-pointer-LYORKw userSelect-none-oDUy26 pc-borderRadius-md pressable-lg-kV7yq8 showFocus-sk_vEm"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-height-48 pc-minWidth-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset icon-lyqgV5 inactive-zdmjOL"><svg role="img" style="height:24px;width:24px;" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke-width="2" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M9.84924 21.9622C11.2032 22.6392 12.7968 22.6392 14.1507 21.9622M9.446 1.90703C8.59467 2.16583 6.63661 3.14927 5.61501 5.01263C4.33801 7.34183 4.70638 10.6565 4.33801 12.0002C3.96965 13.344 3.06102 14.3294 2.42252 15.8822C2.27112 16.2504 2.15563 16.5749 2.06751 16.8662C1.72354 18.0031 2.74693 18.9878 3.93475 18.9878H20.0652C21.2531 18.9878 22.2764 18.0031 21.9325 16.8662C21.8444 16.5749 21.7289 16.2504 21.5775 15.8822C20.939 14.3294 20.0303 13.344 19.662 12.0002C19.2936 10.6565 19.662 7.34183 18.385 5.01263C17.3634 3.14927 15.4053 2.16583 14.554 1.90703C12.8884 1.40469 11.1116 1.40469 9.446 1.90703Z"></path></g></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG color-secondary-ls1g8s line-height-20-t4M0El font-text-qe4AeH size-15-Psle70 weight-medium-fw81nC reset-IxiVJZ">Activity</div></a><a tabindex="0" matchSubpaths aria-label="Search" role="button" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-4 pc-minWidth-48 pc-minHeight-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset bg-primary-zk6FDl hover-KQSFex animate-XFJxE4 cursor-pointer-LYORKw userSelect-none-oDUy26 pc-borderRadius-md pressable-lg-kV7yq8 showFocus-sk_vEm"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-height-48 pc-minWidth-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset icon-lyqgV5 inactive-zdmjOL"><svg role="img" style="height:24px;width:24px;" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke-width="2" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M21 21L15.6702 15.6435M15.6702 15.6435C17.1101 14.1968 18 12.2023 18 10C18 5.58172 14.4183 2 10 2C5.58174 2 2.00002 5.58172 2.00002 10C2.00002 14.4183 5.58174 18 10 18C12.216 18 14.2215 17.099 15.6702 15.6435Z"></path></g></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG color-secondary-ls1g8s line-height-20-t4M0El font-text-qe4AeH size-15-Psle70 weight-medium-fw81nC reset-IxiVJZ">Search</div></a><a tabindex="0" matchSubpaths native aria-label="Profile" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-4 pc-minWidth-48 pc-minHeight-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset bg-primary-zk6FDl hover-KQSFex animate-XFJxE4 cursor-pointer-LYORKw userSelect-none-oDUy26 pc-borderRadius-md pressable-lg-kV7yq8 showFocus-sk_vEm"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-height-48 pc-minWidth-48 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-position-relative pc-reset icon-lyqgV5 inactive-zdmjOL"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-circle-user-round"><path d="M18 20a6 6 0 0 0-12 0"></path><circle cx="12" cy="10" r="4"></circle><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"></circle></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG color-secondary-ls1g8s line-height-20-t4M0El font-text-qe4AeH size-15-Psle70 weight-medium-fw81nC reset-IxiVJZ">Profile</div></a><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-minWidth-48 pc-paddingTop-12 pc-paddingBottom-12 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonText-X0uSmG buttonStyle-r7yGCK priority_primary-RfbeYt size_md-gCDS3o">Create</button></div></div></div></div><div class="reader-nav-page logged-out-top-nav"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-minWidth-0 pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG"><div id="reader-nav-page-scroll" class="reader-nav-page-scroll"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-minWidth-0 pc-paddingLeft-20 pc-mobile-paddingLeft-0 pc-paddingRight-20 pc-mobile-paddingRight-0 pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG"><div style="margin-right:0px;" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-minWidth-0 pc-justifyContent-center pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG"><div class="variables-fH4ag7"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-minWidth-0 pc-position-relative pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG color-primary-zABazT font-text-qe4AeH size-15-Psle70 page-aOaH_e"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-paddingTop-0 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-paddingTop-20 pc-mobile-paddingTop-0 pc-paddingBottom-20 pc-mobile-paddingBottom-16 pc-paddingLeft-0 pc-mobile-paddingLeft-16 pc-reset overflow-hidden-WdpwT6"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonText-X0uSmG buttonStyle-r7yGCK priority_primary-mono-P_CW5x size_sm-G3LciD">Home</button><div style="width:125px;height:32px;min-width:125px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:85px;height:32px;min-width:85px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:64px;height:32px;min-width:64px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:70px;height:32px;min-width:70px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:112px;height:32px;min-width:112px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:78px;height:32px;min-width:78px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:116px;height:32px;min-width:116px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:100px;height:32px;min-width:100px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:121px;height:32px;min-width:121px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:69px;height:32px;min-width:69px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:105px;height:32px;min-width:105px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:117px;height:32px;min-width:117px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:79px;height:32px;min-width:79px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:91px;height:32px;min-width:91px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:108px;height:32px;min-width:108px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:85px;height:32px;min-width:85px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:109px;height:32px;min-width:109px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:112px;height:32px;min-width:112px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:117px;height:32px;min-width:117px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:108px;height:32px;min-width:108px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:98px;height:32px;min-width:98px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:76px;height:32px;min-width:76px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:113px;height:32px;min-width:113px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-sm placeholder-sSVwvu"></div></div><div style="--card-width:246px;--image-height:153.75px;--card-gap:12px;" role="region" aria-label="Reading queue" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-justifyContent-flex-start pc-alignItems-stretch pc-position-relative pc-reset flex-auto-j3S2WA queue-EZRP7x"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-alignItems-center pc-reset arrowButtonContainer-O4uSiH arrowButtonOverlaidContainer-t10AyH left-Tg8vqp"><div class="overlay-zrMCxn primary-lv_sOW"></div><button tabindex="0" type="button" disabled aria-hidden="true" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft arrowButtonOverlaid-xLyA_z iconButton-mq_Et5 iconButtonBase-dJGHgN buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonStyle-r7yGCK size_sm-G3LciD priority_quaternary-kpMibu"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-chevron-left"><path d="m15 18-6-6 6-6"></path></svg></button></div><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG overflow-hidden-WdpwT6"><div style="width:100%;" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-minWidth-0 pc-reset overflow-hidden-WdpwT6 overflowX-auto-xCC8a7 scrollBar-hidden-HcAIpI scrollBox-zHkQVP"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-12 pc-reset"><div style="width:246px;height:100px;min-width:246px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-md placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:246px;height:100px;min-width:246px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-md placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:246px;height:100px;min-width:246px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-md placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:246px;height:100px;min-width:246px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-md placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:246px;height:100px;min-width:246px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-md placeholder-sSVwvu"></div><div style="width:246px;height:100px;min-width:246px;" class="pencraft pc-reset pc-borderRadius-md placeholder-sSVwvu"></div></div></div></div><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-alignItems-center pc-reset arrowButtonContainer-O4uSiH arrowButtonOverlaidContainer-t10AyH visible-JMTC0j right-i3oWGi"><div class="overlay-zrMCxn primary-lv_sOW"></div><button tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Next" aria-hidden="false" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft arrowButtonOverlaid-xLyA_z iconButton-mq_Et5 iconButtonBase-dJGHgN buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonStyle-r7yGCK size_sm-G3LciD priority_quaternary-kpMibu"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-chevron-right"><path d="m9 18 6-6-6-6"></path></svg></button></div></div><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-paddingTop-16 pc-justifyContent-center pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG"><div style="max-width:var(--feed-page-width);" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-minWidth-0 pc-position-relative pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG sizing-border-box-DggLA4"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-reset container-Zhfsnf independentVoicesItem-DH12OQ"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-gap-16 pc-justifyContent-center pc-alignItems-center pc-reset content-sYxJIX independentVoices-XSKLqQ"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-reset"><h3 translated class="pencraft pc-reset color-white-rGgpJs weight-medium-fw81nC reset-IxiVJZ marketingHeading3-ZMAfap">The app for independent voices</h3></div><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonText-X0uSmG buttonStyle-r7yGCK priority_primary-RfbeYt size_md-gCDS3o">Get started</button><button style="border-color:var(--color-light-fg-tertiary);" tabindex="0" type="button" data-href="https://substack.com?learn_more=1" class="pencraft pc-reset color-white-rGgpJs pencraft buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonText-X0uSmG buttonStyle-r7yGCK priority_tertiary-rlke8z size_md-gCDS3o">Learn more</button></div></div></div><div role="region" aria-label="Notes feed" class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-paddingBottom-20 pc-reset"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft cta-X9m2EB buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonText-X0uSmG buttonStyle-r7yGCK priority_secondary-S63h9o size_md-gCDS3o">Get app</button></div><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-reset modalViewer-xO_gxg"></div><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-flexDirection-column pc-reset container-K5XPov"></div><div inert role="dialog" class="modal typography out gone reader-onboarding-modal wide popup"><div class="modal-table"><div class="modal-row"><div class="modal-cell modal-content"><div class="container"><div class="reader-onboarding-modal-container"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="left:auto;right:16px;bottom:16px;z-index:1001;transform:translateY(0px);" role="region" aria-label="Notification" class="pencraft pc-position-fixed pc-reset sizing-border-box-DggLA4"></div><div></div>
        </div>

        


        
        
        
        <script>window._preloads        = JSON.parse("{\"isEU\":true,\"language\":\"en\",\"country\":\"RO\",\"userLocale\":{\"language\":\"en\",\"region\":\"US\",\"source\":\"accept-language\"},\"base_url\":\"https://substack.com\",\"stripe_publishable_key\":\"pk_live_51QfnARLDSWi1i85FBpvw6YxfQHljOpWXw8IKi5qFWEzvW8HvoD8cqTulR9UWguYbYweLvA16P7LN6WZsGdZKrNkE00uGbFaOE3\",\"captcha_site_key\":\"6LdYbsYZAAAAAIFIRh8X_16GoFRLIReh-e-q6qSa\",\"pub\":null,\"confirmedLogin\":false,\"hide_intro_popup\":true,\"block_auto_login\":false,\"domainInfo\":{\"isSubstack\":true,\"customDomain\":null},\"experimentFeatures\":{},\"experimentExposures\":{},\"siteConfigs\":{\"score_upsell_email\":\"control\",\"first_chat_email_enabled\":true,\"notes_video_max_duration_minutes\":5,\"reader-onboarding-promoted-pub\":737237,\"new_commenter_approval\":false,\"pub_update_opennode_api_key\":false,\"enable_user_report_review\":true,\"zendesk_automation_cancellations\":false,\"hide_book_a_meeting_button\":false,\"mfa_action_box_enabled\":false,\"publication_max_bylines\":35,\"no_contest_charge_disputes\":false,\"feed_posts_previously_seen_weight\":0.1,\"publication_tabs_reorder\":false,\"comp_expiry_email_new_copy\":\"NONE\",\"free_unlock_required\":false,\"traffic_rule_check_enabled\":false,\"amp_emails_enabled\":false,\"enable_post_summarization\":false,\"live_stream_host_warning_message\":\"\",\"bitcoin_enabled\":false,\"minimum_ios_os_version\":\"17.0.0\",\"show_entire_square_image\":false,\"hide_subscriber_count\":false,\"publication_author_display_override\":\"\",\"ios_webview_payments_enabled\":\"control\",\"generate_pdf_tax_report\":false,\"dpn_weight_disable\":5,\"show_generic_post_importer\":false,\"enable_pledges_modal\":true,\"include_pdf_invoice\":false,\"app_upsell_after_posting_notes\":\"experiment\",\"notes_weight_watch_video\":5,\"use_post_podcast_import_batching\":true,\"meetings_v1\":false,\"exempt_from_gtm_filter\":false,\"group_sections_and_podcasts_in_menu\":false,\"boost_optin_modal_enabled\":true,\"standards_and_enforcement_features_enabled\":false,\"pub_creation_captcha_behavior\":\"risky_pubs_or_rate_limit\",\"post_blogspot_importer\":false,\"suggested_search_metadata_web_ui\":false,\"notes_weight_short_item_boost\":0.15,\"pub_tts_override\":\"default\",\"disable_monthly_subscriptions\":false,\"skip_welcome_email\":false,\"chat_reader_thread_notification_default\":false,\"scheduled_pinned_posts\":false,\"disable_redirect_outbound_utm_params\":false,\"reader_gift_referrals_enabled\":true,\"enable_bestseller_survey_modal\":false,\"dont_show_guest_byline\":false,\"like_comments_enabled\":true,\"subscription_bar_all_debug_enabled\":false,\"temporal_livestream_ended_draft\":true,\"enable_author_note_email_toggle\":false,\"meetings_embed_publication_name\":false,\"fallback_to_archive_search_on_section_pages\":false,\"livekit_track_egress_custom_base_url\":\"http://livekit-egress-custom-recorder-participant-test.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com\",\"people_you_may_know_algorithm\":\"experiment\",\"welcome_screen_blurb_override\":\"\",\"live_stream_guest_overlay\":\"control\",\"like_posts_enabled\":true,\"twitter_player_card_enabled\":true,\"feed_promoted_user\":false,\"writer_beta_android_enable_post_editor_v2\":false,\"show_note_stats_for_all_notes\":false,\"section_specific_csv_imports_enabled\":false,\"disable_podcast_feed_description_cta\":false,\"bypass_profile_substack_logo_detection\":false,\"use_preloaded_player_sources\":false,\"list_pruning_enabled\":false,\"facebook_connect\":false,\"opt_in_to_sections_during_subscribe\":false,\"dpn_weight_share\":2,\"underlined_colored_links\":false,\"modal_rec_variant_user\":\"control\",\"extract_stripe_receipt_url\":false,\"enable_aligned_images\":false,\"max_image_upload_mb\":64,\"enable_android_dms_writer_beta\":false,\"threads_suggested_ios_version\":null,\"pledges_disabled\":false,\"threads_minimum_ios_version\":812,\"hide_podcast_email_setup_link\":false,\"subscribe_captcha_behavior\":\"default\",\"publication_ban_sample_rate\":0,\"grant_viral_gifts_to_gift_recipients\":\"experiment\",\"ios_enable_publication_activity_tab\":false,\"custom_themes_substack_subscribe_modal\":false,\"share_viral_gift_as_link\":\"experiment\",\"opt_in_to_sections_during_subscribe_include_main_pub_newsletter\":false,\"continue_support_cta_in_newsletter_emails\":false,\"bloomberg_syndication_enabled\":false,\"lists_enabled\":false,\"ios_feed_media_content_mode\":\"fit\",\"generated_database_maintenance_mode\":false,\"allow_document_freeze\":false,\"subscription_bar_all_debug_subdomains\":null,\"podcast_main_feed_is_firehose\":false,\"pub_app_incentive_gift\":\"\",\"no_embed_redirect\":false,\"translate_mobile_app\":false,\"customized_email_from_name_for_new_follow_emails\":\"treatment\",\"spotify_open_access_sandbox_mode\":false,\"partner_data_api_enabled\":false,\"fullstory_enabled\":false,\"chat_reply_poll_interval\":3,\"dpn_weight_follow_or_subscribe\":3,\"enable_reader_marketing_page\":false,\"force_pub_links_to_use_subdomain\":false,\"always_show_cookie_banner\":false,\"hide_media_download_option\":false,\"hide_post_restacks\":false,\"feed_item_source_debug_mode\":false,\"writer_beta_android_enable_post_editor\":false,\"thefp_enable_account_menu\":false,\"enable_user_status_ui\":false,\"publication_homepage_title_display_override\":\"\",\"pub_banned_word_list\":\"\",\"post_preview_highlight_byline\":false,\"4k_video\":false,\"enable_islands_section_intent_screen\":false,\"tfp_free_week_reg_wall\":false,\"post_metering_enabled\":false,\"notifications_disabled\":\"\",\"cross_post_notification_threshold\":1000,\"facebook_connect_prod_app\":true,\"feed_enable_live_streams\":false,\"force_into_pymk_ranking\":false,\"minimum_android_version\":756,\"enable_transcription_translations\":false,\"ios_post_video_pager_alpha_enabled\":false,\"use_og_image_as_twitter_image_for_post_previews\":false,\"always_use_podcast_channel_art_as_episode_art_in_rss\":false,\"cookie_preference_middleware_enabled\":false,\"seo_tier_override\":\"NONE\",\"no_follow_links\":false,\"publisher_api_enabled\":false,\"zendesk_support_priority\":\"default\",\"enable_post_clips_stats\":false,\"enable_subscriber_referrals_awards\":true,\"ios_profile_themes_feed_permalink_enabled\":false,\"use_publication_language_for_transcription\":false,\"show_substack_funded_gifts_tooltip\":true,\"disable_ai_transcription\":false,\"thread_permalink_preview_min_ios_version\":4192,\"android_toggle_on_website_enabled\":false,\"internal_android_enable_post_editor\":false,\"edit_profile_feed_item\":false,\"updated_inbox_ui\":false,\"web_reader_podcasts_tab\":false,\"use_temporal_thumbnail_selection_workflow\":false,\"live_stream_creation_enabled\":false,\"disable_card_element_in_europe\":false,\"enable_web_typing_indicators\":false,\"web_vitals_sample_rate\":0,\"allow_live_stream_auto_takedown\":\"true\",\"search_ranker_variant\":\"control\",\"post_advanced_search\":\"control\",\"ai_image_generation_enabled\":true,\"disable_personal_substack_initialization\":false,\"section_specific_welcome_pages\":false,\"local_payment_methods\":\"control\",\"activity_items_reads_rollout\":0,\"posts_in_rss_feed\":20,\"post_rec_endpoint\":\"\",\"publisher_dashboard_section_selector\":false,\"reader_surveys_platform_question_order\":\"36,1,4,2,3,5,6,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35\",\"ios_toggle_on_website_enabled\":false,\"login_guard_app_link_in_email\":true,\"modal_rec_variant_content\":\"control\",\"monthly_sub_is_one_off\":false,\"unread_notes_activity_digest\":\"control\",\"display_cookie_settings\":false,\"welcome_page_query_params\":false,\"enable_free_podcast_urls\":false,\"enable_linkedin_oauth\":false,\"comp_expiry_emails_disabled\":false,\"enable_description_on_polls\":false,\"use_microlink_for_instagram_embeds\":false,\"post_notification_batch_delay_ms\":30000,\"free_signup_confirmation_behavior\":\"with_email_validation\",\"ios_post_stats_for_admins\":false,\"live_stream_concurrent_viewer_count_drawer\":false,\"use_livestream_post_media_composition\":true,\"section_specific_preambles\":false,\"android_live_stream_multihost_enabled\":false,\"show_menu_on_posts\":false,\"app_upsell_follow_prompt\":\"control\",\"ios_post_subscribe_web_routing\":true,\"opt_into_all_trending_topics\":false,\"ios_writer_stats_public_launch_v2\":false,\"min_size_for_phishing_check\":1,\"enable_android_post_stats\":false,\"ios_chat_revamp_enabled\":false,\"app_onboarding_survey_email\":false,\"post_notification_batch_chunk_size\":100,\"thefp_enable_pullquote_alignment\":false,\"thefp_enable_pullquote_color\":false,\"republishing_enabled\":false,\"app_mode\":false,\"show_phone_banner\":false,\"live_stream_video_enhancer\":\"internal\",\"enable_author_pages\":false,\"enable_decagon_chat\":true,\"first_month_upsell\":\"control\",\"enable_fedcm\":false,\"new_user_checklist_enabled\":\"use_follower_count\",\"ios_trending_topic_note_badge\":\"experiment\",\"enable_updated_webview_checkout\":false,\"show_attached_profile_for_pub_setting\":false,\"welcome_page_update_desktop_visuals_limited\":\"experiment\",\"rss_verification_code\":\"\",\"notification_post_emails\":\"experiment\",\"ios_profile_subdomain_chips\":true,\"chat_suppress_contributor_push_option_enabled\":false,\"live_stream_invite_ttl_seconds\":600,\"feed_ranking_per_post_clip_cap\":2,\"export_hooks_enabled\":false,\"audio_encoding_bitrate\":null,\"bestseller_pub_override\":false,\"extra_seats_coupon_type\":false,\"post_subdomain_universal_links\":false,\"post_import_max_file_size\":26214400,\"notes_weight_follow\":4,\"livekit_reconnect_slate_url\":\"https://mux-livestream-assets.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/custom-disconnect-slate-tall.png\",\"exclude_from_pymk_suggestions\":false,\"minimum_ios_version\":2200,\"disable_annual_subscriptions\":false,\"enable_bestseller_survey_modal_override\":false,\"enable_livestream_rtmp_invites\":false,\"enable_android_dms\":false,\"feed_ranker_use_user_comment_reaction_cache\":true,\"pub_auto_moderation_enabled\":false,\"disable_live_stream_ai_trimming_by_default\":false,\"recipes_enabled\":false,\"disable_deletion\":false,\"ios_default_coupon_enabled\":false,\"notes_weight_read_post\":5,\"notes_weight_reply\":3,\"livekit_egress_custom_base_url\":\"http://livekit-egress-custom-recorder.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com\",\"clip_focused_video_upload_flow\":false,\"live_stream_max_guest_users\":2,\"enable_video_seo_data\":false,\"can_reimport_unsubscribed_users_with_2x_optin\":false,\"feed_posts_weight_subscribed\":0,\"included_in_demo_feed\":false,\"live_event_mixin\":\"\",\"review_incoming_email\":\"default\",\"app_install_prompts\":\"native_banner_if_supported\",\"enable_founding_gifts\":false,\"ios_chat_uikit\":false,\"enable_sponsorship_campaigns\":false,\"thread_permalink_preview_min_android_version\":2037,\"tabbed_notes_search\":\"control\",\"default_thumbnail_time\":10,\"pub_ranking_weight_immediate_engagement\":1,\"pub_ranking_weight_retained_engagement\":1,\"load_test_unichat\":false,\"notes_read_post_baseline\":0,\"live_stream_head_alignment_guide\":false,\"show_open_post_as_pdf_button\":false,\"free_press_combo_subscribe_flow_enabled\":false,\"restack_with_image\":false,\"free_press_tabbed_subscribe_flow\":\"control\",\"gift_from_substack_modal\":\"experiment\",\"gifts_from_substack_feature_available\":true,\"disable_ai_clips\":false,\"thefp_enable_web_livestream_kicking\":false,\"enable_elevenlabs_voiceovers\":false,\"use_snowflake_crm_bool\":true,\"android_upgrade_alert_dialog\":true,\"headline_testing_enabled\":true,\"translated_notifications_enabled\":false,\"show_simple_post_editor\":false,\"enable_live_stream_auto_publish_flow\":true,\"search_ranker_query_augmentation\":\"enabled\",\"enable_publication_podcasts_page\":false,\"ios_payment_connection_enabled\":true,\"app_install_reminder_email\":\"experiment\",\"use_landscape_livestream_for_post_draft\":false,\"thefp_enable_dynamic_toaster\":false,\"live_stream_install_app_reminders_enabled\":true,\"use_unified_livestream_workflow\":true,\"thefp_enable_america_250\":true,\"ios_note_composer_settings_enabled\":false,\"android_v2_post_video_player_enabled\":false,\"enable_direct_message_request_bypass\":false,\"enable_apple_news_sync\":false,\"postsById_batch_size\":20,\"free_press_newsletter_promo_enabled\":false,\"enable_ios_livestream_stats\":false,\"disable_live_stream_reactions\":false,\"enable_high_follower_dm\":true,\"ios_welcome_video_profile_prompt\":false,\"clip_generation_3rd_party_vendor\":\"internal\",\"ios_notification_settings_enabled\":false,\"notes_weight_negative\":1,\"ios_discover_tab_min_installed_date\":\"2025-06-09T16:56:58+0000\",\"notes_weight_click_see_more\":2,\"activity_items_writes_rollout\":0,\"edit_profile_theme_colors\":false,\"backend_enable_subscription_bar\":true,\"disable_clipping_for_readers\":false,\"android_enable_subscription_bar\":false,\"apple_fee_percent\":15,\"allow_anonymous_personal_pub_creation\":false,\"feed_posts_weight_reply\":3,\"feed_posts_weight_negative\":5,\"feed_posts_weight_like\":1.5,\"feed_posts_weight_share\":3,\"feed_posts_weight_save\":3,\"enable_press_kit_preview_modal\":false,\"use_snowflake_crm_rollout_percentage\":1,\"feed_posts_weight_sign_up\":4,\"live_stream_video_degradation_preference\":\"maintainFramerate\",\"render_high_quality_clips\":false,\"pause_app_badges\":false,\"android_enable_publication_activity_tab\":false,\"notes_weight_like\":2,\"profile_feed_expanded_inventory\":false,\"phone_verification_fallback_to_twilio\":false,\"livekit_mux_latency_mode\":\"low\",\"feed_posts_weight_long_click\":1,\"feed_juiced_user\":0,\"vertical_video_player_in_feed_1\":\"experiment\",\"show_branded_intro_setting\":true,\"free_press_single_screen_subscribe_flow_enabled\":false,\"notes_click_see_more_baseline\":0.35,\"android_edit_user_links\":true,\"android_move_feed_tabs\":false,\"android_enable_user_status_ui\":false,\"use_advanced_commerce_api_for_iap\":false,\"skip_free_preview_language_in_podcast_notes\":false,\"larger_wordmark_on_publication_homepage\":false,\"video_editor_full_screen\":false,\"enable_mobile_stats_for_admins\":false,\"ios_profile_themes_note_composer_enabled\":false,\"reduce_post_search_fuzziness\":\"treatment\",\"related_posts_web\":\"experiment\",\"notes_weight_click_item\":3,\"enable_milestone_notifications\":true,\"notes_weight_long_visit\":1,\"bypass_single_unlock_token_limit\":false,\"notes_watch_video_baseline\":0.08,\"add_section_and_tag_metadata\":false,\"daily_promoted_notes_enabled\":true,\"feed_ranker_use_user_feed_restack_comment_cache\":true,\"enable_islands_cms\":false,\"enable_livestream_combined_stats\":false,\"search_retrieval_variant\":\"experiment\",\"enable_web_explore\":false,\"enable_drip_campaigns\":false,\"ios_offline_mode_enabled\":false,\"post_management_search_engine\":\"elasticsearch\",\"new_bestseller_leaderboard_feed_item_enabled\":false,\"feed_main_disabled\":false,\"enable_account_settings_revamp\":false,\"allowed_email_domains\":\"one\",\"thefp_enable_fp_recirc_block\":false,\"ios_web_subscription_payments\":\"experiment\",\"publication_search_replatform\":\"experiment\",\"ios_full_search_results\":\"control\",\"enable_debug_logs_ios\":false,\"show_pub_content_on_profile_for_pub_id\":0,\"use_mux_assets_for_livestream_ended_draft\":true,\"show_pub_content_on_profile\":false,\"livekit_track_egress\":true,\"video_tab_mixture_pattern\":\"npnnnn\",\"enable_theme_contexts\":false,\"onboarding_suggestions_search\":\"experiment\",\"feed_tuner_enabled\":false,\"enable_arr_milestone_notifications\":true,\"enable_pledges_milestone_notifications\":true,\"livekit_mux_latency_mode_rtmp\":\"low\",\"notes_weight_follow_boost\":3,\"web_notes_trending_topics_enabled\":\"control\",\"ios_trending_topics_feed_item\":\"control\",\"direct_device_push_notifications_ios\":\"control\",\"fcm_high_priority\":false,\"subscription_bar_top_selection_strategy_v2\":\"destination_wau_pub_score\",\"enable_live_stream_audio_enhancements_flow\":false,\"iap_announcement_blog_url\":\"\",\"android_onboarding_progress_persistence\":\"control\",\"related_notes_variations\":\"experiment\",\"dpn_weight_tap_bonus_subscribed\":3,\"ios_custom_buttons_enabled\":true,\"ios_livestream_feedback\":false,\"ios_iap_opt_out_enabled\":false,\"android_view_post_share_assets_employees_only\":false,\"android_trending_topics_feed_item\":\"control\",\"thefp_show_fixed_footer_paywall\":false,\"android_subscription_queue_experiment\":\"experiment\",\"ios_viral_gift_entry_points\":\"treatment\",\"ios_subscription_pogs\":\"experiment\",\"dpn_weight_like\":3,\"use_elasticsearch_for_category_tabs\":\"control\",\"enable_subscribers_milestone_notifications\":true,\"unfinished_post_push_notification\":\"experiment\",\"android_enable_edit_profile_theme\":false,\"android_enable_view_profile_theme\":false,\"enable_refresh_token_deduplication\":true,\"dpn_weight_follow\":3,\"live_stream_audio_enhancer_v2\":\"auphonic\",\"dpn_weight_reply\":2.5,\"enable_speaker_focus_clips\":true,\"speaker_focus_variant_generation_enabled\":true,\"reader_sharing_flow\":\"experiment\",\"apply_crm_overlay_updates\":true,\"search_ranker_load_test_ranking_window\":2000,\"ios_new_post_sharing_flow_enabled\":false,\"search_ranker_load_test_pct\":0,\"profile_feed_expanded_inventory_experiment_driven\":\"control\",\"ignore_video_in_notes_length_limit\":false,\"web_show_scores_on_sports_tab\":false,\"notes_weight_click_share\":3,\"direct_device_push_notifications\":false,\"allow_long_videos\":true,\"dpn_user_picture_instead_of_comment\":\"experiment\",\"dpn_score_threshold\":0,\"thefp_enable_follow_module\":false,\"dpn_weight_follow_bonus\":0.5,\"ios_post_subscribe_follow_related\":\"control\",\"use_intro_clip_and_branded_intro_by_default\":false,\"publisher_banner\":\"\",\"new_user_subscribe_follow_prompt_override\":\"none\",\"iap_broad_launch_enabled\":true,\"dpn_weight_open\":2.5,\"ios_subscription_pogs_new_users\":\"experiment\",\"ios_subscription_pogs_old_users\":\"experiment\",\"android_subscription_queue_experiment_2\":\"experiment\",\"enable_viewing_all_livestream_viewers\":false,\"serve_suggested_searches_table\":false,\"enable_clip_prompt_variant_filtering\":true,\"dpn_ranking_enabled\":true,\"sequential_retrieval_model_pct\":100,\"dpn_model_variant\":\"experiment\",\"skip_default_welcome_email_for_app_users\":\"control\",\"dpn_weight_long_session\":2.5,\"dpn_weight_tap\":3,\"android_vertical_post_player\":\"control\",\"new_note_communication_notification_experiment\":\"control\",\"enable_notes_admins\":false,\"suggested_search_notifications\":\"control\",\"enable_suggested_searches\":true,\"maximum_affinity_index_for_trending_topic_notification\":5,\"android_synchronous_push_notif_handling\":\"control\",\"animate_all_explore_video_suggestions\":true,\"android_vertical_post_player_2\":\"experiment\",\"suggested_search_metadata_web_market_ui\":false,\"dpn_weight_restack\":2,\"use_new_snowflake_user_rollout_percentage\":1,\"session_version_invalidation_enabled\":false,\"dpn_weight_negative\":1},\"publicationSettings\":null,\"publicationUserSettings\":null,\"userSettings\":{\"user_id\":null,\"activity_likes_enabled\":true,\"artist_mode_enabled\":false,\"dashboard_nav_refresh_enabled\":false,\"hasDismissedSectionToNewsletterRename\":false,\"is_guest_post_enabled\":true,\"feed_web_nux_seen_at\":null,\"has_seen_select_to_restack_tooltip_nux\":false,\"invite_friends_nux_dismissed_at\":null,\"suggestions_feed_item_last_shown_at\":null,\"has_seen_select_to_restack_modal\":false,\"last_home_tab\":null,\"last_notification_alert_shown_at\":null,\"disable_reply_hiding\":false,\"newest_seen_chat_item_published_at\":null,\"explicitContentEnabled\":false,\"contactMatchingEnabled\":false,\"messageRequestLevel\":\"everyone\",\"liveStreamAcceptableInviteLevel\":\"everyone\",\"liveStreamAcceptableChatLevel\":\"everyone\",\"creditTokensTreatmentExposed\":false,\"appBadgeIncludesChat\":false,\"autoPlayVideo\":true,\"smart_delivery_enabled\":false,\"chatbotTermsLastAcceptedAt\":null,\"has_seen_notes_post_app_upsell\":false,\"substack_summer_nux_dismissed_at\":null,\"first_note_id\":null,\"show_concurrent_live_stream_viewers\":false,\"has_dismissed_fp_download_pdf_nux\":false,\"edit_profile_feed_item_dismissed_at\":null,\"mobile_permalink_app_upsell_seen_at\":null,\"new_user_checklist_enabled\":false,\"new_user_follow_subscribe_prompt_dismissed_at\":null,\"has_seen_youtube_shorts_auto_publish_announcement\":false,\"notificationQualityFilterEnabled\":true,\"hasSeenOnboardingNewslettersScreen\":false},\"subscriberCountDetails\":null,\"mux_env_key\":\"u42pci814i6011qg3segrcpp9\",\"sentry_environment\":\"production\",\"launchWelcomePage\":false,\"pendingInviteForActiveLiveStream\":null,\"feedData\":{\"readingQueue\":null,\"feedItem\":null,\"feedItemStats\":null},\"profile\":null,\"hideHeader\":true,\"hideFooter\":true,\"useManifest\":true,\"useWebapp\":true,\"useDarkMode\":true,\"autoTriggerSignin\":false,\"noIndex\":true,\"features\":{},\"browser\":{\"name\":\"Safari\",\"version\":\"17.10\",\"major\":\"17\"},\"showCookieBanner\":true,\"disabledCookies\":[\"intro_popup_last_hidden_at\",\"muxData-substack\",\"like_upsell_last_shown_at\",\"chatbot_terms_last_accepted_at\",\"preferred_language\",\"visit_id\",\"ajs_anonymous_id\",\"ab_testing_id\",\"ab_experiment_sampled\",\"_ga_tracking-substack\",\"ad_quick_tracking_pixel-substack\",\"meta_tracking_pixel-substack\",\"_dd_s-substack\",\"fs_uid-substack\",\"__zlcmid-substack\",\"disable_html_pixels\"],\"dd_env\":\"prod\",\"dd_ti\":false}")</script>
        <script>window._analyticsConfig = JSON.parse("{\"properties\":{\"subdomain\":null,\"has_plans\":false,\"pub_community_enabled\":false,\"is_personal_publication\":false,\"is_subscribed\":false,\"is_free_subscribed\":false,\"is_author\":false,\"is_contributor\":false,\"is_admin\":false,\"is_founding\":false},\"localGaPixelId\":\"G-TLW0DF6G5V\",\"adwordsAccountId\":\"AW-316245675\",\"adwordsEventSendTo\":\"Tf76CKqcyL4DEKuN5pYB\"}")</script>

        
        
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/7042.d2687608.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8909.2cd480ea.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8121.30cd8ce8.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/3758.fd805bc8.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/6057.87c24e2e.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/985.d1825d03.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/9840.40c73b18.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/6997.a283e0d7.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/5248.3f19ff7c.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8517.a428a6cc.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8116.9d780954.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/2020.01118b77.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/5621.0f954901.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/4490.70115a71.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/3385.b9cd1a5a.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/9106.5a053775.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/5977.1c72f28b.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/1832.1b6d6095.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/6722.d83e5793.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/7361.32892c75.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/296.ca59d5d1.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/1962.42a6a1fe.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/1642.e0333674.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/76.68b85afd.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8206.c027e28b.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/reader2.81b1be67.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/2316.0f6065ab.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/2113.226b3067.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/6332.26388000.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/6604.38737f6a.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/3069.75219afa.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/5041.e5405db7.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/6857.318bbc1d.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8203.6e1a64e6.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/1797.e62617ac.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8158.45f5cd26.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/552.4acd4663.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/4121.0de680ac.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/276.f527c32b.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/2340.fcec7459.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8894.2fc5c7a3.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/5028.702d9774.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/9669.41147939.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/2904.aa5df0c0.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/6163.1db4d192.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/1484.8ed70740.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8618.2a44cf5f.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/9609.17e84027.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8041.0e22e6a7.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/4112.a67f53b6.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/5758.1a205ca5.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/6247.078b07a1.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/9366.d3c0286f.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/1262.33c17ad0.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/4105.9f1de4c3.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/1076.e716f4fe.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/3451.d0ad0bd5.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8549.fea65baf.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/5631.73050038.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/2341.cd432220.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/2909.97509e9d.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8915.9972e506.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/6364.d9fadd97.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/221.6a595268.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/3178.04929bd1.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/5924.78fb1361.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8381.15d661d8.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/1697.16cf9de0.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/2889.e27ae69a.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/1354.47971ce3.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/2291.f09a5dde.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/546.1e81f03f.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/7065.18c0dbcf.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/6042.8ebed607.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/8038.010acf71.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/4405.88ee6abc.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/3324.e3ed73f8.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/9124.59032715.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/3414.c27139fa.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/7541.c14a4f48.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/7797.cda2dec6.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/4278.ca482e8f.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/9084.102c80ed.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/2044.ab7381aa.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
                <script defer type="module" src="https://substackcdn.com/bundle/static/js/3961.b9d0d3a1.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
            
        
        <script nomodule>
            (function() {
                var message = 'Your browser does not support modern JavaScript modules. Please upgrade your browser for the best experience.';
                var warningDiv = document.createElement('div');
                warningDiv.style.color = 'red';
                warningDiv.style.padding = '10px';
                warningDiv.style.margin = '10px 0';
                warningDiv.style.border = '1px solid red';
                warningDiv.style.backgroundColor = 'lightyellow';
                warningDiv.innerText = message;
                document.body.prepend(warningDiv);
            })();
        </script>

        

        <!-- Fallback tracking pixels -->
        

        

        <noscript>
    <style>
        #nojs-banner {
            position: fixed;
            bottom: 0;
            left: 0;
            padding: 16px 16px 16px 32px;
            width: 100%;
            box-sizing: border-box;
            background: red;
            color: white;
            font-family: -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol";
            font-size: 13px;
            line-height: 13px;
        }
        #nojs-banner a {
            color: inherit;
            text-decoration: underline;
        }
    </style>

    <div id="nojs-banner">
        This site requires JavaScript to run correctly. Please <a href="https://enable-javascript.com/" target="_blank">turn on JavaScript</a> or unblock scripts
    </div>
</noscript>


        

        

        
        
    <script>(function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'9812f7adadd7e4ab',t:'MTc1ODIyMDc4MS4wMDAwMDA='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.nonce='';a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();</script></body>
</html>
URL
GET https://substack.com/
Response Headers
Alt-Svc:
h3=":443"; ma=86400
Cache-Control:
no-cache
Cf-Cache-Status:
DYNAMIC
Cf-Ray:
9812f7acbc02e4ab-OTP
Content-Length:
34
Content-Security-Policy:
frame-ancestors 'self' https://*.substack.com https://substack.com
Content-Type:
text/html; charset=utf-8
Date:
Thu, 18 Sep 2025 18:39:41 GMT
Location:
/home
Server:
cloudflare
Set-Cookie:
ab_experiment_sampled=%22false%22; Max-Age=31536000; Domain=substack.com; Path=/; Expires=Fri, 18 Sep 2026 18:39:41 GMT; HttpOnly; Secure; SameSite=Lax
Strict-Transport-Security:
max-age=31536000
Vary:
Accept, Accept-Encoding
X-Cluster:
substack
X-Deploy:
a8ef2f99c8
X-Powered-By:
Express
X-Served-By:
Substack
X-Service:
web
Response Body
<p>Found. Redirecting to /home</p>

Resolver

Resolver ASN
AS8708
Resolver IP
212.93.159.130
Resolver Network Name
DIGI ROMANIA S.A.
Report ID
20250918T183833Z_webconnectivity_RO_8708_n4_wXQ0JPbanoQdA7Fa
Platform
android
Software Name
ooniprobe-android-unattended (5.1.0)
Measurement Engine
ooniprobe-engine (3.26.0)

Raw Measurement Data

Loading