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<!doctype html><html lang="en" class="js-disabled"><head><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1"/><title>Our World in Data</title><meta name="description" content="Research and data to make progress against the world’s largest problems"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://ourworldindata.org"/><link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" href="/atom.xml" title="Atom feed for Our World in Data"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/><link rel="preload" href="/fonts/LatoLatin-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://ourworldindata.org"/><meta property="og:title" content="Our World in Data"/><meta property="og:description" content="Research and data to make progress against the world’s largest problems"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://ourworldindata.org/default-thumbnail.png"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Our World in Data"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@OurWorldInData"/><meta name="twitter:creator" content="@OurWorldInData"/><meta name="twitter:title" content="Our World in Data"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="Research and data to make progress against the world’s largest problems"/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://ourworldindata.org/default-thumbnail.png"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/owid.mjs"/><link rel="preload" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/polyfill/v3/polyfill.min.js?version=4.8.0&amp;features=es2022,es2023" as="script" data-cloudflare-disable-early-hints="true"/><link rel="preload" href="/assets/owid.css" as="style"/><meta name="citation_title" content="OWID Homepage"/><meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://ourworldindata.org"/><meta name="citation_fulltext_world_readable" content=""/><meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2024/02/28"/><meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Our World in Data"/><meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="Our World in Data"/><meta name="citation_author" content="Our World in Data"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/owid.css"/><script>window._OWID_GDOC_PROPS = {"id":"1-X5zMYoLTJqD6kidXYd1GuIDj1uhlPe5-Em5B7vsgNo","slug":"owid-homepage","content":{"body":[{"type":"pill-row","pills":[{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/poverty","text":"Poverty"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/child-mortality","text":"Child Mortality"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/global-education","text":"Global Education"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/co2-and-greenhouse-gas-emissions","text":"CO₂ Emissions"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/migration","text":"Migration"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/war-and-peace","text":"War & Peace"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy","text":"Life Expectancy"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/population-growth","text":"Population Growth"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/artificial-intelligence","text":"Artificial Intelligence"}],"title":"Popular pages","parseErrors":[]},{"type":"homepage-search","parseErrors":[]},{"type":"homepage-intro","parseErrors":[],"featuredWork":[{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/democracy#all-charts","type":"secondary","isNew":true,"title":"We’ve updated and improved our charts on democracy","kicker":"Data update","authors":["Bastian Herre","Lucas Rodés-Guirao"],"filename":"data-update-featured-image.png","description":"How has democracy spread across countries? Are we moving towards a more democratic world? Explore global data on democracy."},{"url":"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1sTqavZ-oAtzW_p0O8U_JWb_lRCorV3gU-E570EsC9lc/edit","type":"secondary","isNew":false,"kicker":"From our classics"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/prevalence-of-undernourishment","type":"tertiary","isNew":false,"title":"Where in the world are people still going hungry?","kicker":"Featured data","authors":["Pablo Rosado"]},{"url":"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1yYgz33k2JJf7KeqbtpH21YCP-Ysmhq1Qi7Ni0DbrGh4/edit?tab=t.0","type":"primary","isNew":true,"kicker":"Article · 16 min read"},{"url":"https://docs.google.com/document/d/16NzkirA8hVL04Bxxz_ClJvITovek26LFtqfeGPqS1q8/edit","type":"tertiary","isNew":false,"kicker":"Article · 13 min read"}]},{"type":"latest-data-insights","parseErrors":[]},{"type":"key-indicator-collection","blocks":[{"text":[{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"What could be more tragic than the death of a young child? Child mortality, the death of children under the age of five, is still ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/much-better-awful-can-be-better","children":[{"text":"extremely common","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" in our world today.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"The historical data makes clear that it doesn’t have to be this way: it ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/child-mortality-big-problem-in-brief","children":[{"text":"is possible","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" for societies to protect their children and reduce child mortality to very low rates. For child mortality to reach low levels, many things have to go right at the same time: ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/financing-healthcare","children":[{"text":"good healthcare","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":", ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/hunger-and-undernourishment","children":[{"text":"good nutrition","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":", ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/clean-water-sanitation","children":[{"text":"clean water and sanitation","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":", ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/maternal-mortality","children":[{"text":"maternal health","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":", and high ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/economic-growth","children":[{"text":"living standards","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":". 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Extreme poverty is currently defined as living on less than $3 per day. This indicator, published by the World Bank, has successfully drawn attention to the terrible depths of poverty of the poorest people in the world.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"Two centuries ago, ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/extreme-poverty-in-brief","children":[{"text":"the majority","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" of the world’s population was extremely poor. Back then, it was widely believed that widespread poverty was inevitable. This turned out to be wrong. Economic growth is possible and ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/what-is-economic-growth","children":[{"text":"makes it possible","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" for entire societies to leave the deep poverty of the past behind. Whether or not countries are leaving the worst poverty behind can be monitored by relying on this indicator.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]}],"type":"key-indicator","title":"What share of the population lives in extreme poverty?","datapageUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-of-population-in-extreme-poverty","parseErrors":[]},{"text":[{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"Across the world, people are living longer. In 1900, the global average life expectancy of a newborn was 32 years. By 2021, this had more than doubled to 71 years.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"Big improvements were achieved by countries ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy-globally","children":[{"text":"around the world","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":". The chart shows that life expectancy has more than doubled in every region of the world. This improvement is not only due to declining child mortality; life expectancy increased ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/its-not-just-about-child-mortality-life-expectancy-improved-at-all-ages","children":[{"text":"at all ages","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":".","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"This visualization shows long-run estimates of life expectancy brought together by our team from several different data sources. It also shows that the ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus","children":[{"text":"COVID-19 pandemic","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" led to reduced life expectancy worldwide.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]}],"type":"key-indicator","title":"How has people’s life expectancy changed over time?","source":"Long-run estimates collated from multiple sources by Our World in Data","datapageUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/life-expectancy","parseErrors":[]},{"text":[{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"The main source of carbon dioxide (CO","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"children":[{"text":"2","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-subscript"},{"text":") emissions is the burning of fossil fuels. It is the primary ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/co2-and-greenhouse-gas-emissions","children":[{"text":"greenhouse gas","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" causing ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/climate-change","children":[{"text":"climate change","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":".","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"Globally, CO","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"children":[{"text":"2","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-subscript"},{"text":" emissions have remained at just below 5 tonnes per person for over a decade. Between countries, however, there are large differences, and while emissions are rapidly increasing in some countries, they are rapidly falling in others.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"The source for this CO","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"children":[{"text":"2","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-subscript"},{"text":" data is the Global Carbon Budget, a dataset we update yearly as soon as it is published. 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This indicator reveals how large the inequality between people in different countries is. In the poorest countries, people live on less than $1,000 per year, while in rich countries, the average income is more than 50 times higher.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"The data shown is sourced from the Maddison Project Database. Drawing together the careful work of hundreds of economic historians, the particular value of this data lies in the historical coverage it provides. This data makes clear that the vast majority of people in all countries ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/extreme-history-methods","children":[{"text":"were poor","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" in the past. 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Growing enough food to feed one’s family was a constant struggle in daily life. Food shortages, malnutrition, and ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/famines","children":[{"text":"famines","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" were common around the world.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"The UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization publishes global data on undernourishment, defined as not consuming enough calories to maintain a normal, active, healthy life. These minimum requirements vary by a person’s sex, weight, height, and activity levels. This is considered in these national and global estimates.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"The world has made much progress in reducing global hunger in recent decades. But we are still far away from an end to hunger, as this indicator shows. Tragically, nearly one in ten people still do not get enough food to eat and in recent years — especially during the pandemic — hunger levels have increased.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]}],"type":"key-indicator","title":"What share of the population is suffering from hunger?","datapageUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/prevalence-of-undernourishment","parseErrors":[]},{"text":[{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"Literacy is a foundational skill. Children need to learn to read so that they can read to learn. When we fail to teach this foundational skill, people have fewer opportunities to lead the rich and interesting lives that a good education offers.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"The historical data shows that only a very small share of the population, a tiny elite, was able to read and write. 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If you look at the ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/foreign-aid-received-as-a-share-of-national-income-net?tab=line&time=earliest..2023&country=~HTI","children":[{"text":"trend for Haiti","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":", for example, you can see a spike in aid after the devastating earthquake that hit Port-au-Prince in 2010.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"During these events, aid often plays a crucial role in providing basic resources and support for countries trying to rebuild.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/foreign-aid","children":[{"text":"Explore data on who gives foreign aid, who receives it, and how this has changed over time","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" →","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]}],"refs":{"errors":[],"definitions":{}},"type":"data-insight","title":"Foreign aid can be a large share of a country’s income during times of conflict or humanitarian crisis","authors":["Hannah Ritchie"],"figma-url":"https://www.figma.com/design/l8AusQOZfgaxJ0wVcMrTry/Charts--2025-?node-id=11201-325&t=0s4YqWlTXgBTh43O-0","approved-by":"Ed","grapher-url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/foreign-aid-received-as-a-share-of-national-income-net","narrative-chart":"aid-received-large-share-income"}},{"id":"1VrE-cOQRKcgLBOTK8yBTEhZCP_DpUqP6NDOu0DR0MIc","slug":"in-low-income-countries-most-people-work-in-farming-in-richer-countries-they-work-in-services","publishedAt":"2025-08-11T04:00:00.000Z","content":{"body":[{"size":"narrow","type":"image","filename":"labor-sectors-income-group.png","hasOutline":true,"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"As countries get richer, the ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"children":[{"text":"type","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-italic"},{"text":" of work that people do changes a lot.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"The chart breaks down the workforce by sector by country income groups. In most low-income countries, a majority of people ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-of-the-labor-force-employed-in-agriculture","children":[{"text":"work in agriculture","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":". People grow their own food, get a surplus to sell to others, or produce commodities that they can export overseas.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"In comparison, fewer people work in farming in middle- and high-income countries. People start to move to industrial and service jobs instead.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"In rich countries, three-quarters of workers are employed in services, compared to just 3% in agriculture.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"There are several drivers of this. Agricultural productivity ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/agriculture-value-added-per-worker-wdi?tab=chart&time=latest&country=OWID_WRL~CHN~USA~GBR~East+Asia+%26+Pacific~Sub-Saharan+Africa~Latin+America+%26+Caribbean~TZA~COG~DNK","children":[{"text":"tends to increase","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" as countries get richer (and they gain access to better seeds, fertilizers, irrigation, and land). This means fewer family members must work on the farm to produce the same — or more — income.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"At the same time, many industrial and service jobs pay more, so people are incentivized to move out of farming to higher-paying roles when they become available. This transition has been a key driver of economic growth and ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/extreme-poverty-in-brief","children":[{"text":"poverty reduction","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" for many countries.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/africa-yields-problem","children":[{"text":"Read my article on why improvements in agricultural productivity are important to reduce poverty","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" →","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]}],"refs":{"errors":[],"definitions":{}},"type":"data-insight","title":"In low-income countries, most people work in farming; in richer countries, they work in services","authors":["Hannah Ritchie"],"figma-url":"https://www.figma.com/design/l8AusQOZfgaxJ0wVcMrTry/Charts--2025-?node-id=11216-14&t=6swMtRu1fAWLCDq6-0","approved-by":"Ed","grapher-url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-employment-agriculture-industry-services","narrative-chart":""}},{"id":"1bmpfbBBQMhhFi1po1YmF_ScZyf_ATtGrAdcLL6SxcTc","slug":"which-countries-have-nuclear-weapons-and-how-many","publishedAt":"2025-08-08T04:00:00.000Z","content":{"body":[{"size":"narrow","type":"image","filename":"which-countries-have-nuclear-weapons-di.png","hasOutline":true,"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"As conflicts break out across the world, the threat of nuclear war is never far from many people’s minds.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"One of the first questions we need to answer to better understand the risks of nuclear weapons is: which countries have them, and in what quantity? The chart shows estimates of national stockpiles in 2025.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"The exact number of warheads is secret, so these are some of the best estimates based on publicly available information, historical records, and occasional leaks.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"Nine countries are thought to have nuclear weapons today, but over 80% of warheads are held by just two: Russia and the United States.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"While the number of countries that possess nuclear weapons has never been higher, the ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/nuclear-warhead-stockpiles-lines","children":[{"text":"total number of warheads","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" and ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/number-of-nuclear-weapons-tests","children":[{"text":"tests being carried","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" out is lower than they were a few decades ago.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/nuclear-weapons-risk","children":[{"text":"Read our colleague Max Roser’s article on why nuclear war is a key concern of our generation","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" →","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]}],"refs":{"errors":[],"definitions":{}},"type":"data-insight","title":"Which countries have nuclear weapons, and how many?","authors":["Hannah Ritchie","Bastian Herre","Pablo Rosado"],"figma-url":"https://www.figma.com/design/l8AusQOZfgaxJ0wVcMrTry/Charts--2025-?node-id=11636-5&p=f&t=RdZVpYxgc8Uot4do-0","approved-by":"Ed","grapher-url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/nuclear-warhead-inventories","narrative-chart":"which-countries-have-nuclear-weapons-di"}},{"id":"13CFgHvFf4o0I6Vk1UYufuZutGxUjkKXRab4YgDRJGCk","slug":"homophobic-attitudes-have-fallen-in-western-europe-and-the-united-states","publishedAt":"2025-08-06T04:00:00.000Z","content":{"body":[{"size":"narrow","type":"image","filename":"homophobic-attitudes-rich-countries","hasOutline":true,"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"Forty years ago, public views about homosexuality were extremely negative in many rich countries.  As the chart shows, back in 1984, one in three Dutch people believed homosexuality was “never or rarely justified”. In Spain and Great Britain, that view was held by the majority. Perhaps most strikingly, three-quarters of Americans thought the same.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"Since then, levels of discrimination have plummeted. Today, the share of people in these countries who think that homosexuality is “never or rarely justified” makes up a shrinking minority. That’s good news — everyone should be free to decide for themselves who they are attracted to.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"It might sound odd today to ask whether someone else’s sexuality is ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"children":[{"text":"justified","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-italic"},{"text":". But that’s how the long-running World Values Survey phrased it when they began decades ago. Keeping the phrasing consistent helps show how attitudes have changed, but the fact that it may sound outdated now is, in itself, a reflection of how much has changed.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-of-people-who-think-homosexuality-is-never-justified","children":[{"text":"Explore responses to this question in more than a hundred countries","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" →","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]}],"refs":{"errors":[],"definitions":{}},"type":"data-insight","title":"Homophobic attitudes have fallen in Western Europe and the United States","authors":["Simon van Teutem"],"figma-url":"https://www.figma.com/design/l8AusQOZfgaxJ0wVcMrTry/Charts--2025-?node-id=12715-2&t=2yEApdpnwPyFkfpD-1","approved-by":"Hannah","grapher-url":"","narrative-chart":""}},{"id":"1f8Su49VUc9gad1iI_FBzlYzrVImEZZAovgISArRMxmI","slug":"what-share-of-new-cars-in-your-country-are-electric","publishedAt":"2025-08-04T04:00:00.000Z","content":{"body":[{"size":"narrow","type":"image","filename":"new-cars-electric-2024-update-di.png","hasOutline":true,"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"As someone who studies the transition to low-carbon energy, I am always on the lookout for electric cars in everyday life. I like to see how common they are, and it has been exciting to see their prominence grow on the roads in the UK.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"Last year, more than one in five new cars sold globally were electric. But how does this vary worldwide? This share is shown across a selection of countries in the chart (more are available ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electric-car-sales-share?time=latest","children":[{"text":"here","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":").","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"Norway leads the world by a long way, with almost all new cars there being electric. China is another standout, with nearly half of new sales.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"At the bottom, you can see that electric cars are still relatively rare in countries like Japan, Brazil, and India.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"In most countries, ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/ghg-emissions-by-sector?country=~USA","children":[{"text":"greenhouse gas emissions from transport","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" have either grown or, at best, stagnated in the last decade. Accelerating the transition to electric vehicles will be crucial to pushing emissions downwards.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"Note that “electric” here includes fully-electric and plug-in hybrid cars; you can see the contribution of each ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-car-sales-battery-plugin","children":[{"text":"here","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":".","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/electric-car-sales","children":[{"text":"Explore data on electric car sales and stocks across countries in our latest update","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" →","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]}],"refs":{"errors":[],"definitions":{}},"type":"data-insight","title":"What share of new cars in your country are electric?","authors":["Hannah Ritchie"],"figma-url":"https://www.figma.com/design/l8AusQOZfgaxJ0wVcMrTry/Charts--2025-?node-id=11766-12269&t=8oHPCcogUGrVzbH4-0","approved-by":"Ed","grapher-url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electric-car-sales-share?time=latest&country=NOR~GBR~OWID_EU27~CHN~USA~ZAF~IND~SWE~JPN~BRA~AUS~KOR~CAN","narrative-chart":"new-cars-electric-2024-update-di"}},{"id":"1GyCwlKTc3S9B8_uefXCro9bACjRsNmNkjXJpT-YgO9Y","slug":"renewables-have-taken-the-lead-in-dutch-electricity-production","publishedAt":"2025-08-01T04:00:00.000Z","content":{"body":[{"size":"narrow","type":"image","filename":"dutch-electricity-generation-renewable","hasOutline":true,"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"For the first time, in 2024, more than half of the electricity produced in the Netherlands came from renewable sources, and almost all of it (45%) ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/energy?tab=chart&country=~NLD&mapSelect=~NLD&Total+or+Breakdown=Select+a+source&Energy+or+Electricity=Electricity+only&Metric=Share+of+total&Select+a+source=Solar+and+wind","children":[{"text":"from solar and wind","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":".","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"As the chart shows, this has been a sharp and recent shift. Even as recently as 2018, over 80% of Dutch electricity was generated by fossil fuels.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"The Dutch government signed a national climate accord in 2019 that introduced more than ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://www.klimaatakkoord.nl/klimaatakkoord","children":[{"text":"600 measures","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" to accelerate the shift to low-carbon power. These included ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"url":"https://www.globalcompliancenews.com/2019/07/31/highlights-dutch-climate-agreement-20190704/","children":[{"text":"further stimulation of solar and wind energy, a rising carbon tax, and the closure of a major coal plant","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":". A rapid surge in renewable electricity followed, with solar and wind growing from 14% to 45% of the electricity mix.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"This transition was developed through negotiations with over 100 organizations, including businesses, unions, government agencies, and NGOs. This collaborative approach reflects the Dutch tradition of ","spanType":"span-simple-text"},{"children":[{"text":"polderen","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-italic"},{"text":", a consensus-driven model in which major decisions are made through dialogue and compromise rather than unilateral decisions from central governments.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"text":"This matters because it shows that fast transitions are possible not only through top-down mandates but also through cooperation and shared commitment. That’s an encouraging lesson as countries worldwide seek to move away from fossil fuels.","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]},{"type":"text","value":[{"url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-prod-source-stacked?stackMode=relative&country=~NLD","children":[{"text":"See how each source contributes to the Dutch electricity mix","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"spanType":"span-link"},{"text":" →","spanType":"span-simple-text"}],"parseErrors":[]}],"refs":{"errors":[],"definitions":{}},"type":"data-insight","title":"Renewables have taken the lead in Dutch electricity production","authors":["Simon van Teutem"],"figma-url":"https://www.figma.com/design/l8AusQOZfgaxJ0wVcMrTry/Charts--2025-?node-id=13274-130&t=aPambrRgooAbTA0d-1","approved-by":"Hannah","grapher-url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-fossil-renewables-nuclear-line?country=~NLD","narrative-chart":""}}]}</script><script>
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homepage-intro__donate-button"><span>Donate to support us</span></a></div><div class="h6-black-caps">As seen on</div><img class="homepage-intro__media-logos" src="https://ourworldindata.org/media-logos.svg" alt="Logos of the publications that have used our content. From left to right: Science, Nature, PNAS, BBC, Financial Times, The New York Times, The Guardian, The Atlantic, and The Washington Post" width="230" height="75" loading="lazy"/></section><section class="grid grid-cols-9 span-cols-9 col-start-5 span-md-cols-12 col-md-start-2 homepage-intro__right-section"><h2 class="span-cols-9 span-md-cols-12 h5-black-caps homepage-intro__featured-work-heading">Featured work</h2><div class="grid grid-cols-9 span-cols-9 span-md-cols-12 homepage-intro__featured-work-container"><div class="homepage-intro__primary-tiles span-cols-6"><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/new-international-poverty-line-3-dollars-per-day" class="homepage-intro__featured-tile"><div class="image"><picture><source srcSet="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/43f2893b-21b1-42de-1908-2293e2516400/w=48 48w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/43f2893b-21b1-42de-1908-2293e2516400/w=100 100w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/43f2893b-21b1-42de-1908-2293e2516400/w=350 350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/43f2893b-21b1-42de-1908-2293e2516400/w=850 850w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/43f2893b-21b1-42de-1908-2293e2516400/w=1350 1350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/43f2893b-21b1-42de-1908-2293e2516400/w=2400 2400w" type="image/png" sizes="(max-width: 960px) 95vw, (min-width: 960px) 640px"/><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/43f2893b-21b1-42de-1908-2293e2516400/w=2400" alt="The image features a minimalist design with a light green section on the left and a pale yellow background on the right. There are three horizontal arrows in gray pointing to the right — these are a representation of how the data on global incomes has changed with the. World Bank&#x27;s update. There is a further, bold arrow that is larger — this is a representation in the change in the International Poverty Line." loading="lazy" width="2400" height="1260"/></picture></div><span class="h6-black-caps homepage-intro__featured-work-kicker"><span class="homepage-intro__new-tag">New</span>Article · 16 min read</span><p class="homepage-intro__featured-work-title">$3 a day: A new poverty line has shifted the World Bank’s data on extreme poverty. What changed, and why?</p><p class="homepage-intro__featured-work-description">In June 2025, the World Bank increased its extreme poverty estimates by 125 million people. This doesn’t mean the world has gotten poorer: it reflects a new, higher International Poverty Line of $3 a day, up from $2.15.</p><p class="body-3-medium-italic homepage-intro__featured-work-authors">Joe Hasell, Bertha Rohenkohl, and Pablo Arriagada</p></a></div><div class="homepage-intro__secondary-tiles span-cols-3 col-start-7"><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/democracy#all-charts" class="homepage-intro__featured-tile"><div class="image"><picture><source srcSet="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/6caceef6-fed3-4c49-6fcf-cd957678b200/w=48 48w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/6caceef6-fed3-4c49-6fcf-cd957678b200/w=100 100w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/6caceef6-fed3-4c49-6fcf-cd957678b200/w=350 350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/6caceef6-fed3-4c49-6fcf-cd957678b200/w=850 850w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/6caceef6-fed3-4c49-6fcf-cd957678b200/w=1200 1200w" type="image/png" sizes="350px"/><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/6caceef6-fed3-4c49-6fcf-cd957678b200/w=1200" loading="lazy" width="1200" height="630"/></picture></div><span class="h6-black-caps homepage-intro__featured-work-kicker"><span class="homepage-intro__new-tag">New</span>Data update</span><p class="homepage-intro__featured-work-title">We’ve updated and improved our charts on democracy</p><p class="homepage-intro__featured-work-description">How has democracy spread across countries? Are we moving towards a more democratic world? Explore global data on democracy.</p><p class="body-3-medium-italic homepage-intro__featured-work-authors">Bastian Herre and Lucas Rodés-Guirao</p></a><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/africa-yields-problem" class="homepage-intro__featured-tile"><div class="image"><picture><source srcSet="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/c0348dc1-ecd4-4f9b-ae6b-7ebd090ec500/w=48 48w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/c0348dc1-ecd4-4f9b-ae6b-7ebd090ec500/w=100 100w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/c0348dc1-ecd4-4f9b-ae6b-7ebd090ec500/w=350 350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/c0348dc1-ecd4-4f9b-ae6b-7ebd090ec500/w=850 850w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/c0348dc1-ecd4-4f9b-ae6b-7ebd090ec500/w=1200 1200w" type="image/png" sizes="350px"/><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/c0348dc1-ecd4-4f9b-ae6b-7ebd090ec500/w=1200" loading="lazy" width="1200" height="630"/></picture></div><span class="h6-black-caps homepage-intro__featured-work-kicker">From our classics</span><p class="homepage-intro__featured-work-title">Increasing agricultural productivity across Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the most important problems this century</p><p class="homepage-intro__featured-work-description">Agricultural productivity across Sub-Saharan Africa needs to improve to reduce hunger, poverty, and the destruction of biodiversity.</p><p class="body-3-medium-italic homepage-intro__featured-work-authors">Hannah Ritchie</p></a></div><div class="homepage-intro__tertiary-tiles span-cols-6 grid grid-cols-6"><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/prevalence-of-undernourishment" class="homepage-intro__featured-tile span-cols-3 homepage-intro__featured-tile--missing-image"><span class="h6-black-caps homepage-intro__featured-work-kicker">Featured data</span><p class="homepage-intro__featured-work-title">Where in the world are people still going hungry?</p><p class="body-3-medium-italic homepage-intro__featured-work-authors">Pablo Rosado</p></a><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/cardiovascular-deaths-decline" class="homepage-intro__featured-tile span-cols-3"><div class="image"><picture><source srcSet="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/7ca4974e-8cc8-4b46-a09f-a870c56c1600/w=48 48w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/7ca4974e-8cc8-4b46-a09f-a870c56c1600/w=100 100w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/7ca4974e-8cc8-4b46-a09f-a870c56c1600/w=350 350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/7ca4974e-8cc8-4b46-a09f-a870c56c1600/w=850 850w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/7ca4974e-8cc8-4b46-a09f-a870c56c1600/w=1350 1350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/7ca4974e-8cc8-4b46-a09f-a870c56c1600/w=2400 2400w" type="image/png" sizes="350px"/><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/7ca4974e-8cc8-4b46-a09f-a870c56c1600/w=2400" loading="lazy" width="2400" height="1260"/></picture></div><span class="h6-black-caps homepage-intro__featured-work-kicker">Article · 13 min read</span><p class="homepage-intro__featured-work-title">Death rates from cardiovascular disease have fallen dramatically — what were the breakthroughs behind this?</p><p class="homepage-intro__featured-work-description">Over a century of progress in surgery, drugs, prevention, and emergency response has driven down death rates from heart disease and stroke.</p><p class="body-3-medium-italic homepage-intro__featured-work-authors">Saloni Dattani</p></a></div><div class="span-cols-6 homepage-intro__see-all-work-button-container"><a href="/latest" class="owid-btn owid-btn--outline-vermillion body-3-medium homepage-intro__see-all-work-button"><span>See all our latest work</span><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right owid-btn--icon-right" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L338.8 224 32 224c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32l306.7 0L233.4 393.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l160-160z"></path></svg></a></div></div><div class="span-cols-6 span-sm-cols-12"><a href="/latest" class="owid-btn owid-btn--outline-vermillion body-3-medium homepage-intro__see-all-work-button homepage-intro__see-all-work-button--mobile"><span>See all our latest work</span><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right owid-btn--icon-right" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L338.8 224 32 224c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32l306.7 0L233.4 393.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l160-160z"></path></svg></a></div></section></section><section class="article-block__latest-data-insights grid grid-cols-12-full-width span-cols-14 latest-data-insights-block"><header class="latest-data-insights-block__header span-cols-8 col-start-2 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><h2 class="h2-bold">Data Insights</h2><p class="body-2-regular">Bite-sized insights on how the world is changing, published every few days.</p></header><a href="/data-insights" class="owid-btn owid-btn--outline-vermillion latest-data-insights-block__see-all-data-insights-button body-3-medium span-cols-4 col-start-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>See all Data Insights</span><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right owid-btn--icon-right" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L338.8 224 32 224c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32l306.7 0L233.4 393.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l160-160z"></path></svg></a><div class="latest-data-insights span-cols-12 col-start-2"><div class="latest-data-insights__viewport"><div class="latest-data-insights__card-container"><a class="latest-data-insights__card latest-data-insights__card__data-insight" href="/data-insights#most-recent-data-insight" aria-labelledby="latest-data-insights__card-title-0"><div class="image latest-data-insights__card-left"><picture><source srcSet="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/df13e618-db2c-4629-adae-31a3adbce500/w=48 48w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/df13e618-db2c-4629-adae-31a3adbce500/w=100 100w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/df13e618-db2c-4629-adae-31a3adbce500/w=350 350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/df13e618-db2c-4629-adae-31a3adbce500/w=850 850w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/df13e618-db2c-4629-adae-31a3adbce500/w=1350 1350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/df13e618-db2c-4629-adae-31a3adbce500/w=1620 1620w" type="image/png" sizes="(max-width: 960px) 95vw, (min-width: 960px) 533px"/><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/df13e618-db2c-4629-adae-31a3adbce500/w=1620" alt="A bar graph illustrating the decline in oil spills from tankers over several decades. The vertical axis represents the amount of oil spilled, measured in tonnes, ranging from 0 to 700,000 tonnes. The horizontal axis indicates the years from 1970 to 2024. A significant drop in spills is visible, with peaks in the 1970s and 1980s, where more than 300,000 tonnes were spilled each year. Notably, a bar is labeled indicating that 10,000 tonnes were spilled in 2024. An annotation points out the Sanchi incident off the coast of China in 2018. The data source for the graph is indicated as ITOPF, with a date of 2025. The overall message emphasizes a dramatic decrease in oil spills from tankers over recent decades." loading="lazy" width="1620" height="1620"/></picture></div><div class="latest-data-insights__card-right"><p class="data-insight-dateline latest-data-insights__card-dateline data-insight-dateline--is-today"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="calendar-day" class="svg-inline--fa fa-calendar-day data-insight-dateline__icon" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M128 0c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32l0 32 128 0 0-32c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32s32 14.3 32 32l0 32 48 0c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48l0 48L0 160l0-48C0 85.5 21.5 64 48 64l48 0 0-32c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32zM0 192l448 0 0 272c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48L48 512c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48L0 192zm80 64c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16l0 96c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16l96 0c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16l0-96c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16l-96 0z"></path></svg>Today</p><h3 id="latest-data-insights__card-title-0" class="latest-data-insights__card-title">Oil spills from tankers have fallen to less than one-thirtieth of the levels seen in the 1970s</h3><div class="latest-data-insights__card-body"><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>We’ve all seen the dramatic images of vast parts of the ocean caked in oil; birds and other wildlife stuck in the thick, dark liquid. These spills are both environmentally damaging and expensive to clean up.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>As the chart shows, in the 1970s, over 300,000 tonnes of oil were spilled from oil tankers in most years. By the 1980s and 1990s, this </span><span><span>had dropped</span></span><span>, but the annual average was still over 100,000 tonnes.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>These losses have fallen dramatically since the millennium. Last year, 10,000 tonnes were spilled, less than one-thirtieth of the amount lost in a typical year in the 1970s.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>This decline has occurred despite global oil production and trade </span><span><span>increasing dramatically</span></span><span>.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span><span>We’ve just updated our charts on oil spills; explore the latest data </span></span><span>→</span></p></div><div class="latest-data-insights__card-continue"><span class="body-3-medium-underlined">Continue reading</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="font-size:10px"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L338.8 224 32 224c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32l306.7 0L233.4 393.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l160-160z"></path></svg></div></div></a><a class="latest-data-insights__card latest-data-insights__card__data-insight" href="/data-insights#second-most-recent-data-insight" aria-labelledby="latest-data-insights__card-title-1"><div class="image latest-data-insights__card-left"><picture><source srcSet="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/b6803875-5ff1-443b-af5f-a670149eea00/w=48 48w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/b6803875-5ff1-443b-af5f-a670149eea00/w=100 100w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/b6803875-5ff1-443b-af5f-a670149eea00/w=350 350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/b6803875-5ff1-443b-af5f-a670149eea00/w=850 850w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/b6803875-5ff1-443b-af5f-a670149eea00/w=1350 1350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/b6803875-5ff1-443b-af5f-a670149eea00/w=1620 1620w" type="image/png" sizes="(max-width: 960px) 95vw, (min-width: 960px) 533px"/><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/b6803875-5ff1-443b-af5f-a670149eea00/w=1620" alt="The image displays a world map highlighting various countries based on the percentage of foreign aid as a part of their gross national income for the year 2023. The map features several colors indicating different categories: countries receiving foreign aid that constitutes more than 20% of their national income are shaded in dark brown, while those receiving less than 20% are light blue. 

Seven countries are specifically marked in dark brown: Ukraine, Syria, Afghanistan, Yemen, South Sudan, Burundi, and the Central African Republic. Countries that did not receive aid are shown in white. The map provides a visual overview of how foreign aid impacts national income in these regions, with a legend clarifying the meaning of the color codes.

Data source for this information is the OECD, dated 2025. The image is attributed to &quot;Our World in Data&quot; under the Creative Commons BY license." loading="lazy" width="1620" height="1620"/></picture></div><div class="latest-data-insights__card-right"><p class="data-insight-dateline latest-data-insights__card-dateline"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="calendar-day" class="svg-inline--fa fa-calendar-day data-insight-dateline__icon" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M128 0c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32l0 32 128 0 0-32c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32s32 14.3 32 32l0 32 48 0c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48l0 48L0 160l0-48C0 85.5 21.5 64 48 64l48 0 0-32c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32zM0 192l448 0 0 272c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48L48 512c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48L0 192zm80 64c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16l0 96c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16l96 0c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16l0-96c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16l-96 0z"></path></svg>August 13</p><h3 id="latest-data-insights__card-title-1" class="latest-data-insights__card-title">Foreign aid can be a large share of a country’s income during times of conflict or humanitarian crisis</h3><div class="latest-data-insights__card-body"><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>Many countries receive </span><em><span>some</span></em><span> foreign aid, but it typically accounts for just </span><span><span>a few percent of their income</span></span><span>. But during periods of conflict, crisis, or natural disaster, foreign aid forms a large part of some countries’ economy.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>The map shows the countries where aid was more than one-fifth of national income in 2023 (the latest year of data available). This included Yemen, Syria, and the Central African Republic, which experienced continued conflict, and Ukraine, which received humanitarian aid following the Russian invasion.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>Since aid is often given during periods of acute fragility and humanitarian crises, the countries on this list change a lot from year to year. If you look at the </span><span><span>trend for Haiti</span></span><span>, for example, you can see a spike in aid after the devastating earthquake that hit Port-au-Prince in 2010.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>During these events, aid often plays a crucial role in providing basic resources and support for countries trying to rebuild.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span><span>Explore data on who gives foreign aid, who receives it, and how this has changed over time</span></span><span> →</span></p></div><div class="latest-data-insights__card-continue"><span class="body-3-medium-underlined">Continue reading</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="font-size:10px"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L338.8 224 32 224c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32l306.7 0L233.4 393.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l160-160z"></path></svg></div></div></a><a class="latest-data-insights__card latest-data-insights__card__data-insight" href="/data-insights#third-most-recent-data-insight" aria-labelledby="latest-data-insights__card-title-2"><div class="image latest-data-insights__card-left"><picture><source srcSet="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/37b43a46-7232-409a-9419-5071dba0da00/w=48 48w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/37b43a46-7232-409a-9419-5071dba0da00/w=100 100w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/37b43a46-7232-409a-9419-5071dba0da00/w=350 350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/37b43a46-7232-409a-9419-5071dba0da00/w=850 850w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/37b43a46-7232-409a-9419-5071dba0da00/w=1350 1350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/37b43a46-7232-409a-9419-5071dba0da00/w=1620 1620w" type="image/png" sizes="(max-width: 960px) 95vw, (min-width: 960px) 533px"/><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/37b43a46-7232-409a-9419-5071dba0da00/w=1620" alt="This graphic illustrates the distribution of the labor force across different sectors—agriculture, industry, and services—based on income levels of countries in 2023.

On the left, there is a stacked bar representing low-income countries, where 59% of the workforce is in agriculture, 10% in industry, and 31% in services. Next, the lower-middle-income group shows a breakdown of 40% in agriculture, 23% in industry, and 37% in services. The upper-middle-income countries have 21% in agriculture, 28% in industry, and 51% in services. Finally, in high-income countries, only 3% of the labor force is in agriculture, with 23% in industry and 74% in services.

The title highlights the trend that higher-income countries have fewer agricultural workers and a greater proportion involved in industry and services. The footer indicates the data source is the International Labor Organization (2025)" loading="lazy" width="1620" height="1620"/></picture></div><div class="latest-data-insights__card-right"><p class="data-insight-dateline latest-data-insights__card-dateline"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="calendar-day" class="svg-inline--fa fa-calendar-day data-insight-dateline__icon" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M128 0c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32l0 32 128 0 0-32c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32s32 14.3 32 32l0 32 48 0c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48l0 48L0 160l0-48C0 85.5 21.5 64 48 64l48 0 0-32c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32zM0 192l448 0 0 272c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48L48 512c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48L0 192zm80 64c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16l0 96c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16l96 0c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16l0-96c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16l-96 0z"></path></svg>August 11</p><h3 id="latest-data-insights__card-title-2" class="latest-data-insights__card-title">In low-income countries, most people work in farming; in richer countries, they work in services</h3><div class="latest-data-insights__card-body"><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>As countries get richer, the </span><em><span>type</span></em><span> of work that people do changes a lot.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>The chart breaks down the workforce by sector by country income groups. In most low-income countries, a majority of people </span><span><span>work in agriculture</span></span><span>. People grow their own food, get a surplus to sell to others, or produce commodities that they can export overseas.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>In comparison, fewer people work in farming in middle- and high-income countries. People start to move to industrial and service jobs instead.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>In rich countries, three-quarters of workers are employed in services, compared to just 3% in agriculture.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>There are several drivers of this. Agricultural productivity </span><span><span>tends to increase</span></span><span> as countries get richer (and they gain access to better seeds, fertilizers, irrigation, and land). This means fewer family members must work on the farm to produce the same — or more — income.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>At the same time, many industrial and service jobs pay more, so people are incentivized to move out of farming to higher-paying roles when they become available. This transition has been a key driver of economic growth and </span><span><span>poverty reduction</span></span><span> for many countries.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span><span>Read my article on why improvements in agricultural productivity are important to reduce poverty</span></span><span> →</span></p></div><div class="latest-data-insights__card-continue"><span class="body-3-medium-underlined">Continue reading</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="font-size:10px"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L338.8 224 32 224c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32l306.7 0L233.4 393.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l160-160z"></path></svg></div></div></a><a class="latest-data-insights__card latest-data-insights__card__data-insight" href="/data-insights#fourth-most-recent-data-insight" aria-labelledby="latest-data-insights__card-title-3"><div class="image latest-data-insights__card-left"><picture><source srcSet="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/d30224a5-4272-4b79-bb02-9c3e5d9ae500/w=48 48w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/d30224a5-4272-4b79-bb02-9c3e5d9ae500/w=100 100w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/d30224a5-4272-4b79-bb02-9c3e5d9ae500/w=350 350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/d30224a5-4272-4b79-bb02-9c3e5d9ae500/w=850 850w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/d30224a5-4272-4b79-bb02-9c3e5d9ae500/w=1350 1350w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/d30224a5-4272-4b79-bb02-9c3e5d9ae500/w=1620 1620w" type="image/png" sizes="(max-width: 960px) 95vw, (min-width: 960px) 533px"/><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/d30224a5-4272-4b79-bb02-9c3e5d9ae500/w=1620" alt="A horizontal bar chart comparing the estimated nuclear weapon stockpiles of various countries in 2025. Each bar represents a different country, with the length corresponding to the number of nuclear warheads. 

- Russia has the highest stockpile, with 4,299 warheads.
- The United States follows with 3,700 warheads.
- China has an estimated 600 warheads.
- France is shown with 290 warheads.
- The United Kingdom has 225 warheads.
- India is estimated to have 180 warheads.
- Pakistan has around 170 warheads.
- Israel&#x27;s stockpile is estimated at 90 warheads.
- North Korea has the smallest estimated stockpile at 50 warheads.

The chart is titled &quot;Which countries have nuclear weapons?&quot; and includes a note that these estimates exclude retired warheads queued for dismantlement. The data source is the Federation of American Scientists, indicating that the estimates are based on publicly available information, historical records, and occasional leaks. The image is credited to &quot;Our World in Data&quot; and employs a CC BY license." loading="lazy" width="1620" height="1620"/></picture></div><div class="latest-data-insights__card-right"><p class="data-insight-dateline latest-data-insights__card-dateline"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="calendar-day" class="svg-inline--fa fa-calendar-day data-insight-dateline__icon" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M128 0c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32l0 32 128 0 0-32c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32s32 14.3 32 32l0 32 48 0c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48l0 48L0 160l0-48C0 85.5 21.5 64 48 64l48 0 0-32c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32zM0 192l448 0 0 272c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48L48 512c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48L0 192zm80 64c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16l0 96c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16l96 0c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16l0-96c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16l-96 0z"></path></svg>August 08</p><h3 id="latest-data-insights__card-title-3" class="latest-data-insights__card-title">Which countries have nuclear weapons, and how many?</h3><div class="latest-data-insights__card-body"><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>As conflicts break out across the world, the threat of nuclear war is never far from many people’s minds.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>One of the first questions we need to answer to better understand the risks of nuclear weapons is: which countries have them, and in what quantity? The chart shows estimates of national stockpiles in 2025.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>The exact number of warheads is secret, so these are some of the best estimates based on publicly available information, historical records, and occasional leaks.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>Nine countries are thought to have nuclear weapons today, but over 80% of warheads are held by just two: Russia and the United States.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span>While the number of countries that possess nuclear weapons has never been higher, the </span><span><span>total number of warheads</span></span><span> and </span><span><span>tests being carried</span></span><span> out is lower than they were a few decades ago.</span></p><p class="article-block__text col-start-5 span-cols-6 col-md-start-3 span-md-cols-10 span-sm-cols-12 col-sm-start-2"><span><span>Read our colleague Max Roser’s article on why nuclear war is a key concern of our generation</span></span><span> →</span></p></div><div class="latest-data-insights__card-continue"><span class="body-3-medium-underlined">Continue reading</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="font-size:10px"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L338.8 224 32 224c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32l306.7 0L233.4 393.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l160-160z"></path></svg></div></div></a><a class="latest-data-insights__card latest-data-insights__card__data-insight" href="/data-insights#fifth-most-recent-data-insight" aria-labelledby="latest-data-insights__card-title-4"><div class="image latest-data-insights__card-left"><picture><source srcSet="https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/e896207c-5235-490c-69d6-0856252e5200/w=48 48w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/e896207c-5235-490c-69d6-0856252e5200/w=100 100w, https://ourworldindata.org/cdn-cgi/imagedelivery/qLq-8BTgXU8yG0N6HnOy8g/e896207c-5235-490c-69d6-0856252e52

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